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. 2025 Sep 22;15(9):629. doi: 10.3390/metabo15090629
A-431 human skin squamous cell carcinoma cells
CA caprylic acid
CagA cytotoxin-associated gene A
cagPAI the cag pathogenicity island
CCD-33Co normal human colon fibroblast
CCNA2 cyclin A2
CCND1 gene encodes the protein cyclinD1
CDC 28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B
CDK cyclin-dependent kinase
CDK2 cyclin-dependent kinase 2
CDK4 cyclin-dependent kinase 4
CID compound ID
CKSIB cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit 1B
CoA coenzima A
COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
GC gastric cancer
GI gastrointestinal problems
G1-S G1 phase to S phase transition
HCT-116 human colorectal carcinoma cells
IARC the International Agency for Research on Cancer
ICAM-1 Intracellular adhesion molecule-1
IKKα/β IκB kinase α/β
IL-6 interleukin-6
IL-1 Interleukin-1
IL-8 Interleukin-8
INF-γ Interferon-γ
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
IPEC-J2 porcine jejunum epithelial cells
MALT-Lymphoma mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
MCFA medium-chain fatty acids
MDA-MB-231 human mammary gland adenocarcinoma cells
MDR develop multidrug resistance
MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
NF-κB nuclear factor-kappaB
NR4A1 nuclear receptor 4A1
P21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1
pH hydrogen potential
pKa the negative logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (Ka) of a molecule
PPI proton pump inhibitor
PS potassium sorbate
ROS reactive oxygen species
SS1 Sydney Strain 1
TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-alpha
VacA vacuolating cytotoxin