| ASD | Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| MGB | microbiota gut–brain |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| FMT | fecal microbiota transplantation |
| FGIDs | functional gastrointestinal disorders |
| MTT | Microbiota Transfer Therapy |
| HPA | hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal |
| ENS | enteric nervous system |
| CRH | corticotropin-releasing hormone |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| SCFAs | short-chain fatty acids |
| IL | interleukin |
| BBB | blood–brain barrier |
| GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| GOSs | galacto-oligosaccharides |
| MAC | microbiota-accessible carbohydrates |
| GFCF | gluten-free, casein-free |
| SCD | Specific Carbohydrate Diet |