Skip to main content
. 2025 Sep 11;25(18):5664. doi: 10.3390/s25185664
Abbreviation Full English Name
AI Artificial Intelligence
ANN Artificial Neural Network
Adam Adaptive Moment Estimation
AP Average Precision
CAM Class Activation Map
CAD Computer-Aided Design
CE Cross-Entropy (Loss)
CNN Convolutional Neural Network
CPU Central Processing Unit
DNN Deep Neural Network
FGSM Fast Gradient Sign Method
FLOPs Floating Point Operations per Second
FPS Frames Per Second
GAN Generative Adversarial Network
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
IoT Internet of Things
IoU Intersection over Union
MAE Mean Absolute Error
MSE Mean Squared Error
mAP Mean Average Precision
mAP@0.5 Mean Average Precision at IoU Threshold 0.5
mAP@0.5:0.95 Mean Average Precision at IoU Threshold 0.5 to 0.95
NMS Non-Maximum Suppression
PGD Projected Gradient Descent
PSNR Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio
ReLU Rectified Linear Unit
RDDM Robust Diffusion Defect Modeling
SLF Shuffle Lightweight Feature
SLF-YOLO Shuffle Lightweight Feature-You Only Look Once
SGD Stochastic Gradient Descent
SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
SSIM Structural Similarity Index
YOLO You Only Look Once
YOLOv5 You Only Look Once Version 5
YOLOv8 You Only Look Once Version 8
YOLOv9s You Only Look Once Version 9
YOLOv10s You Only Look Once Version 10