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. 2025 Sep 22;25(18):5921. doi: 10.3390/s25185921
HANNDI Handheld Automated Neural Network Detection Instrument
FOd Foreign Object Debris
CNN Convolutional Neural Network
YOLO You Only Look Once
CAYG Clean As You Go
FO Foreign Object
WAND Workforce Augmenting Inspection Device
ToF Time of Flight
UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
RGB Red, Green, Blue
R-CNN Region-based Convolutional Neural Network
U-Net U-shaped Neural Network
LinkNet Lightweight Encoder–Decoder Architecture for Segmentation
LPO-YOLOv5s Lightweight Pouring Object YOLO version 5 small
mAP@0.5 Mean Average Precision at 0.5 Intersection over Union
IoU Intersection over Union
ESOD Enhanced Small Object Detection
YOLOF YOLO with Feature Enhancement
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
CAD Computer-Aided Design
ELAN Efficient Layer Aggregation Network