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. 2025 Sep 1;17(9):1147. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17091147
aCSF artificially simulated cerebrospinal fluid
BBB blood–brain barrier
CMC critical micelle concentration
CT citalopram
CT-PM citalopram-loaded polymeric micelles
DLS dynamic light scattering
EE encapsulation efficiency
PF127 Pluronic F-127
FDA food and drug administration
H-bonds hydrogen bonds
HLB hydrophilic–lipophilic balance
HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography
IN intranasal
IV intravenous
LCST low critical solution temperature
MPS monophagocytic system
NCLs nanostructured lipid carriers
P188 Poloxamer 188
PBS phosphate buffer solution
PdI polydispersity index
PEO poly(ethylene oxide)
PES polyether sulfone
PMs polymeric micelles
PPO poly(propylene oxide)
R2 regression coefficient
RES reticuloendothelial system
SNES simulated nasal electrolyte solution
SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
XRPD X-ray powder diffraction
WHO World Health Organization