Table 1.

Cardiac malformations in rats exposed throughout pregnancy to drinking water containing 1.5 or 1,100 ppm TCE.

	TCE dose			TCE dose
Cardiac abnormalitiesa (Dawson et al. 1993)	1.5 ppm	1,100 ppm	Heart malformationsb (Johnson et al. 2003)	1.5 ppm	1,100 ppm
L-Transposition (left chest)	1	0	Abnormal looping	2	0
Great vessel defect	1	0	Aortic hypoplasia	1	0
Pulmonary valve defect	1	0	Pulmonary artery hypoplasia	1	0
Atrial septal defect	4	7	Atrial septal defect	4	7
Ventricular septal defects			Ventricular septal defects
Subaortic	2	1	Perimembranous (subaortic)	3	3
Muscular	1	4	Muscular	1	1
Endocardial cushion defect	0	1	Atrioventricular septal defect	0	1
Aortic valve defect	0	2	Aortic valve defect	0	2
No. with abnormal hearts	9	11		9	11
No. fetuses examined	181	105		181	105

^aData from Dawson et al. (1993) Tables 1 and 3, Groups III and IV.

^bData from Johnson et al. (2003) Table 2; percentage was converted to number.