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. 2025 Sep 12;35:102308. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.102308

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Effects of CNPs on the bone homeostasis under the GIO condition. (A) Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of CNPs coated by succinic acid conjugated alendronate. Scale bar: 10 nm. (B) Representative images of the distal femurs microarchitecture (upper panel, scale bar: 1 mm) and reconstructed trabecular structure (lower panel, scale bar: 500 μm) (n = 6). (C–G) Quantitative analysis of the micro-CT data, including BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th and Tb.Sp (n = 6). (H) Representative HE, Masson's trichrome and TRAP staining images of the distal femur trabecular (n = 6). Scale bar: 50 μm. Semi-quantitative analysis of collagen volume (I) and TRAP-positive cells (J) based on Masson's trichrome staining and TRAP staining respectively (n = 6). (K–L) Representative images of double-calcein labeling of femurs from Control, DEX, and DEX + CNPs group mice and quantitative parameters of MAR (n = 6). Scale bar: 50 μm. (M–N) Representative IHC images of OCN staining. Scale bar: 50 μm. Semi-quantitative analysis of OCN expression levels in the trabecular bone of the distal femur (n = 6). (O–Q) The serum levels of PINP, OC/BGP and CTX-I were measured by ELISA (n = 6). Data were presented as mean ± SD. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test.