Skip to main content
. 2025 Sep 25;14(3):107008. doi: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i3.107008

Table 2.

Incidence of sustained viral load suppression, persistent viremia, viral rebound, and new suppression among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Rwanda

Characteristics Sustained VLS
Persistent viremia
Viral rebound
Newly suppressed
n/N
%
n/N
%
n/N
%
n/N
%
Overall 829/973 85.2 42/973 4.3 45/973 4.6 57/973 5.9
Age, year
    18-24 21/27 77.8 1/27 3.7 4/27 14.8 1/27 3.7
    25-34 271/314 86.3 10/314 3.2 15/314 4.8 18/314 5.7
    35-44 332/405 82.2 22/332 5.4 21/405 5.2 30/405 7.4
    45-54 130/137 94.9 3/137 2.2 3/137 2.2 1/137 0.7
    ≥ 55 75/90 83.3 6/90 6.7 2/90 2.2 7/90 7.8
Gender
    Female 539/622 86.7 21/622 3.4 26/622 4.2 36/622 5.8
    Male 288/349 82.5 21/349 6.0 19/349 5.4 21/349 6.0
Education
    No education 341/423 80.6 27/423 6.4 24/423 5.7 31/423 7.3
    ≥ Primary 465/523 88.9 14/523 2.7 19/523 3.6 25/523 4.8
HIV status disclosed
    No 348/406 85.7 13/406 3.2 19/406 4.7 26/406 6.4
    Yes 475/561 84.7 29/561 5.2 26/561 4.6 31/561 5.5
Adherence
    < 90% 175/217 80.6 17/217 7.8 14/217 6.5 11/217 5.1
    ≥ 90% 562/648 86.7 20/648 3.1 26/648 4.0 40/648 6.2
Advance HIV disease
    Yes 122/157 77.7 14/157 8.9 12/157 7.6 9/157 5.7
    No 585/671 87.2 18/671 2.7 28/671 4.2 40/671 6.0
Timing of ART initiation
    Before treat all 389/451 86.3 24/451 5.3 17/451 3.8 21/451 4.7
    After treat all 433/513 84.4 18/513 3.5 27/513 5.3 35/513 6.8

HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; VLS: Viral load suppression; ART: Antiretroviral therapy.