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. 2025 Sep 15;16:1663717. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1663717

TABLE 3.

Effect of treating hypercholesterolemic rats with safflower and atorvastatin for 4 weeks on total body weight (g).

Variables Statistics G1 −ve control G2 +ve control G3 Safflower G4 Atorvastatin
Initial weight (g) Mean ± SE
LSD (0.05) = 1.97
t-test
182.3 ± 0.6a 182.3 ± 0.9a

-
182.3 ± 0.6a

-
183.7 ± 0.6a

−1.69 NS
1st week (g) Mean ± SE
LSD (0.05) = 1.99
t-test
186.3 ± 0.6a 187.0 ± 0.4a

−1.00 NS
186.3 ± 0.9a

-
186.0 ± 0.7a

0.36 NS
2nd week (g) Mean ± SE
LSD (0.05) = 1.62
t-test
190.7 ± 0.4c 193.7 ± 0.6b

−4.29**
191.3 ± 0.4c

−1.12 NS
190.0 ± 0.7c

0.79 NS
3rd week (g) Mean ± SE
LSD (0.05) = 1.62
t-test
194.0 ± 0.4c 200.7 ± 0.6b

−10.00***
196.3 ± 0.4c

−4.18 **
195.3 ± 0.8c

−1.58 NS
4th week (g) Mean ± SE
LSD (0.05) = 1.67
t-test
199.0 ± 0.6c 209.3 ± 0.4b

−13.59***
204.0 ± 0.4d

−6.85 ***
200.3 ± 0.8c

−1.35 NS

Data are represented as Mean ± SE. t-test value “∗∗∗” means highly significant at P < 0.001, t-test value “∗∗” means significant at P < 0.01, NS means non-significant. ANOVA analysis within groups: means with different superscripts (a, b, c, or d) show significant difference at P < 0.05, while means superscripts with the same letters mean that there is no significant difference at P < 0.05. LSD: Least Significant Difference.