Table 4.
Subgroup analysis of the cross-sectional association between PEF / predicted PEF % and various sensory impairments.
| PEF per each 10 L/min increase | PEF % predicted per each 10% increase | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VI | HI | SSI | DSI | VI | HI | SSI | DSI | |||||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age | ||||||||||||||||
| <60 | 0.986 (0.980, 0.992) | <0.001* | 0.990 (0.984, 0.995) | <0.001* | 0.994 (0.987, 1.002) | 0.142 | 0.982 (0.974, 0.990) | <0.001* | 0.922 (0.901, 0.943) | <0.001* | 0.950 (0.930, 0.970) | <0.001* | 0.910 (0.881, 0.941) | <0.001* | 0.865 (0.836, 0.895) | <0.001* |
| ≥60 | 0.983 (0.982, 0.995) | <0.001* | 0.988 (0.982, 0.995) | <0.001* | 0.985 (0.974, 0.99) | 0.003* | 0.979 (0.969, 0.988) | <0.001* | 0.976 (0.951, 1.003) | 0.077 | 0.963 (0.941, 0.984) | 0.001* | 0.984 (0.951, 1.018) | 0.345 | 0.953 (0.922, 0.984) | 0.003* |
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||
| Male | 0.990 (0.984, 0.997) | 0.003* | 0.992 (0.986, 0.997) | 0.005* | 0.991 (0.983, 0.999) | 0.020* | 0.986 (0.979, 0.994) | 0.001* | 0.972 (0.958, 0.986) | <0.001* | 0.945 (0.924, 0.967) | <0.001* | 0.981 (0.963, 0.999) | 0.034* | 0.909 (0.879, 0.941) | <0.001* |
| Female | 0.985 (0.977, 0.994) | 0.001* | 0.988 (0.980, 0.995) | 0.001* | 0.994 (0.984, 1.004) | 0.255 | 0.981 (0.971, 0.991) | <0.001* | 0.935 (0.909, 0.962) | <0.001* | 0.949 (0.937, 0.961) | <0.001* | 0.949 (0.916, 0.982) | 0.003* | 0.940 (0.923, 0.956) | <0.001* |
| Smoking status | ||||||||||||||||
| Never smoke | 0.989 (0.982, 0.996) | 0.003* | 0.988 (0.981, 0.994) | <0.001* | 0.989 (0.981, 0.998) | 0.013* | 0.983 (0.975, 0.992) | <0.001* | 0.954 (0.935, 0.973) | <0.001* | 0.943 (0.927, 0.9590 | <0.001* | 0.962 (0.939, 0.985) | 0.001* | 0.921 (0.899, 0.943) | <0.001* |
| Former/Current smoke | 0.989 (0.981, 0.996) | 0.002* | 0.992 (0.986, 0.999) | 0.021* | 0.990 (0.982, 0.998) | 0.018* | 0.985 (0.977, 0.994) | 0.001* | 0.965 (0.949, 0.982) | <0.001* | 0.954 (0.940, 0.968) | <0.001* | 0.976 (0.956, 0.997) | 0.028* | 0.940 (0.921, 0.959) | <0.001* |
| Drinking status | ||||||||||||||||
| Never drink | 0.985 (0.978, 0.992) | <0.001* | 0.988 (0.981, 0.994) | <0.001* | 0.986 (0.978, 0.995) | 0.002* | 0.978 (0.970, 0.987) | <0.001* | 0.967 (0.949, 0.986) | 0.001* | 0.950 (0.934, 0.965) | <0.001* | 0.976 (0.953, 0.998) | 0.037* | 0.936 (0.915, 0.958) | <0.001* |
| Former/Current drink | 0.985 (0.978, 0.992) | 0.080 | 0.992 (0.986, 0.999) | 0.018* | 1.000 (0.991, 1.008) | 0.921 | 0.991 (0.982, 0.999) | 0.036* | 0.956 (0.940, 0.973) | <0.001* | 0.949 (0.935, 0.964) | <0.001* | 0.969 (0.948, 0.990) | 0.004* | 0.929 (0.910, 0.949) | <0.001* |
| Lung disease | ||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 0.990 (0.970, 1.010) | 0.312 | 1.001 (0.985, 1.017) | 0.906 | 0.994 (0.988, 1.001) | 0.075 | 0.988 (0.963, 1.013) | 0.344 | 0.962 (0.920, 1.007) | 0.095 | 0.954 (0.921, 0.989) | 0.011* | 0.959 (0.903, 1.018) | 0.168 | 0.922 (0.872, 0.975) | 0.004* |
| No | 0.987 (0.982, 0.992) | <0.001* | 0.991 (0.986, 0.995) | <0.001* | 0.987 (0.960, 1.015) | 0.358 | 0.986 (0.980, 0.992) | <0.001* | 0.963 (0.950, 0.976) | <0.001* | 0.952 (0.941, 0.963) | <0.001* | 0.972 (0.956, 0.989) | 0.001* | 0.935 (0.920, 0.950) | <0.001* |
Adjusted for age, gender, alcohol consumption, smoking, marital status, education level, place of residence, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and diabetes,
PEF peak expiratory flow, VI visual impairment, HI hearing impairment, Non-SI non-sensory impairment, SSI single sensory impairment, DSI dual sensory impairment.
*p < 0.05.