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. 2025 Sep 29;15:33480. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14862-8

Table 15.

Comparison of mfho’s optimal fitness function with that of alternative PEMFC algorithms40.

Min
MHO 1.748996055
HO 1.947167448
GWO 1.945590718
SCA 1.946286137
ChOA 1.945575482
EO40 1.9547
MRFO40 2.1360
NNA40 2.1449
AEO40 2.1459
SSO40 2.1807
VSDE40 2.0885
ISA40 1.9564
ABC40 1.9663
BSA40 1.9664