TABLE 2.

Characteristics of high-level fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium

Strains	Year isolated	Sources (nonhuman)	MIC (μg/ml)a			Mutations in QRDRs				Genotype			R-type	PCR for resistance genes or contigs
			NA	CI	NX	GyrA	GyrB	ParC	ParE	BlnI	XbaI	DT		blaoxa30aadA1	dhfr12-aadA2	aac3	catA	tetRA
Human isolate
1	2002		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
2	2001		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ab	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
3	2001		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ab	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
4	2001		>256	32	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ab	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
5	2002		>256	32	48	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ac	Ab	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
6	2002		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
7	2003		>256	32	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
8	2003		>256	>32	>256	S83F + D87G		S80R	S458P	B	Ac	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
9	2001		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
10	2002		>256	32	48	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
11	2002		>256	32	48	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
12	2003		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
0b	2000		>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
Nonhuman isolate
101	2001	Cattle	>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
102c	2001	Dog	>256	24	24	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ab	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
103c	2001	Cat	>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Ab	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp	+	−	−	+	+
104	2001	Dog	>256	24	32	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	12	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
105	2003	NAd	>256	24	24	S83F + D87N		S80R		Aa	Aa	193	ACSSuTNCp + SxTpG	+	+	+	+	+
100	1997	Cattle	>256	0.75	3	S83F		S80R		Ab	B	193	ACSSuTN	+	−	−	+	+

^aDetermined by E-test. NA, nalidixic acid; CI, ciprofloxacin; NX, norfloxacin.

^bThe first isolate in reference 13.

^cAssociated with cases human isolates no. 2 and 4, respectively.

^dNA, not available