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. 2025 Oct 6;17:46. doi: 10.1186/s13089-025-00448-y

Table 4.

Myocardial mechanical and hemodynamic characteristics in 16 patients with pulsus alternans

Parameters LVOT-VTI (strong beat) (cm) LVOT-VTI (weak beat) (cm) ∆LVOT-VTI (%) GLS (%) PSD (ms) Bilateral carotid artery alternans Right ventricular alternans
Case 1 19.5 9.5 51 −9.6 95.0 Yes None
Case 2 23.1 12.5 46 −8.2 57.0 NA None
Case 3 27.3 22.1 19 −6.6 73.0 NA None
Case 4 11.3 6.8 40 −1.2 81.0 Yes None
Case 5 24.8 16.7 33 −7.0 79.8 NA None
Case 6 15.8 10.0 37 −6.6 64.8 Yes None
Case 7 14.0 8.4 40 −4.1 117.5 Yes None
Case 8 14.2 10.2 28 −5.2 47.0 Yes None
Case 9 12.8 9.5 26 −3.4 90.4 Yes Yes
Case 10 15.1 10.7 29 −6.7 68.1 Yes None
Case 11 29.2 14.1 52 −8.1 100.5 Yes Yes
Case 12 24.6 17.3 30 −8.1 76.3 Yes None
Case 13 26.4 14.5 45 −10.4 48.0 NA None
Case 14 15.7 8.7 45 NA NA Yes None
Case 15 15.4 11.6 25 NA NA Yes None
Case 16 11.7 8.6 27 −3.8 71.5 Yes Yes

LVOT-VTI left ventricular outflow velocity-time integral, ∆LVOT-VTI variation rate between strong and weak beats of LVOT-VTI, GLS global longitudinal strain, PSD peak time standard deviation, NA not available