Skip to main content
. 2025 Jul 24. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1159/000547277

Table 1.

Quality assessment and risk of bias evaluation for each included study based on the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) criteria

Quality Assessment by STAIR criteria
study name A B C D E F G H total score
Yang et al. [14] (2020) No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 5
Bai et al. [15] (2017) Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes 5
Caltana et al. [16] (2015) No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No 5
Sun et al. [17] (2013) Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes 7
Yokubaitis et al. [18] (2021) No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes 4
Yang et al. [19] (2017) Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No 6
Pottier et al. [20] (2017) No No No Yes Yes No No Yes 3
Ronca et al. [21] (2015) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 8
Yu et al. [22] (2015) No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 6
Choi et al. [23] (2013) No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes 4
Zarruk et al. [24] (2012) Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes 6
Shirazi et al. [25] (2021) No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes 5
Murakami et al. [26] (2013) No Yes No No Yes Yes No Yes 4
Suzuki et al. [27] (2012) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 7
Schmidt et al. [28] (2012) No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 6
Reichenbach et al. [29] (2016) No Yes No No Yes No Yes No 3
Jalin et al. [30] (2015) Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes 5
Bravo-Ferrer et al. [31] (2016) No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 6
Zhang et al. [32] (2012) No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 5
Zhang et al. [33] (2009) No Yes No No Yes No Yes Yes 4
Zhang et al. [34] (2007) No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 6
Zhang et al. [35] (2008) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 8
Hu et al. [36] (2010) Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No No 4
Berger et al. [37] (2004) Yes Yes No No Yes No No No 3
Muthian et al. [38] (2004) Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No 5
Hayakawa et al. [39] (2007) No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 5
Leker et al. [40] (2003) No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes 5

Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) criteria: A, implementation of randomization to minimize selection bias; B, continuous temperature monitoring to control for confounding variables; C, blinding of outcome assessment to mitigate performance bias, D, evaluation at both acute and subacute/chronic phases to capture comprehensive outcomes; E, assessment beyond infarct size to consider broader impact measures; F, testing multiple doses to elucidate dose-response relationships; G, repeated outcome assessments at various time points to validate findings longitudinally; H, therapeutic time window relationship of a particular agonist conducted.