Table 3.
Assessment of psychiatric symptoms and psychological experience of initial infection, and proportion of psychiatric history
| N° | Author(s) and year | Outcome for psychiatric symptoms during acute COVID | Assessment of psychiatric symptoms in the acute phase of COVID | Outcome for psychological experience of infection | Proportion of psychiatric and/or addictive histories among long covid patients |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Subramanian et al., 2022 [35] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Depression: 13.4% Anxiety: 13.5% Smoking (never smoked 6.8%, ex-smoker 8.9%, current smoker 8.3%) Eating disorder: 14.5% Substance use disorder: 12% Learning disabilities: 9% |
| 2 | Wang and al., 2022 [36] | Not researched | Not researched |
Declarative: Verry worried and somewhat worried about Covid-19 Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) |
Probable depression: yes (53.4%), subclinical symptoms (48.1%) Probable anxiety: yes (53%), subclinical symptoms (46.5%) Smoking: active (48.4%), former (46.3%) |
| 3 | Grisanti and al., 2022 [37] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Smoker (10%), ex-smoker (55%) |
| 4 | Garjani and al., 2022 [38] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Anxiety and/or depression (long-standing COVID-19 symptoms for ≥ 4 weeks): 50.4% Anxiety and/or depression (long-standing COVID-19 symptoms for ≥ 12 weeks): 54.3% |
| 5 | Craparo and al., 2022 [39] | Not researched | Not researched | Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) | Not researched |
| 6 | Tene and al., 2022 [40] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Smoking: 25.1% |
| 7 | De Oliveira and al., 2022 [41] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Smoking: 19% Alcoholism: 8,9% |
| 8 | Ohira and al., 2022 [42] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Depression: 10% Schizophrenia: 2,2% Asperger's spectrum syndrom: 2,2% |
| 9 | Bai and al., 2022 [43] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Active smokers (38,8%), ex-smokers (4,2%) |
| 10 | Daitch and al., 2022 [44] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 11 | Afroze and al., 2022 [45] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 12 | Vásconez-González and al., 2023 [46] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 13 | Frontera and al., 2022 [47] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 14 | Shukla and al., 2023 [48] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 15 | Jacobs and al., 2023 [49] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Depression and anxiety: 13,7% Cigarette smoking occasionally or regularly: 52.5% |
| 16 | Knight and al., 2022 [50] | Not researched | Not researched | Declarative: negative psychological impact (yes/no) | Not researched |
| 17 | Sansone and al., 2022 [51] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Smokers (26.3%), Ex smokers (21.9%) Depression: 10.9% |
| 18 | Yavuz and al., 2022 [52] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Depression: 22.8% Smoking: 18% |
| 19 | Gutiérrez-Canales and al., 2022 [53] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Smoking: 20.5% |
| 20 | Hastie and al., 2022 [54] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 21 | Fleischer and al., 2022 [55] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Previous psychiatric condition: 19% (Depression: 66.7% Anxiety disorder: 20.1% Post-traumatic stress disorder: 3.3% Somatic disorder: 3.3% Adjustment disorder: 3.3% Borderline disorder: 3.3%) |
| 22 | Margalit and al., 2022 [56] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Smoking status: past (24.2%), current (16.7%) Use of cannabis: 7.7% Use of alcohol: 48.5%; Alcohol servings per week: 1,1 (mean) |
| 23 | Gasnier and al., 2022 [57] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Past psychiatric disorder: 3,95% |
| 24 | Loosen and al., 2022 [58] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subjects |
| 25 | Buonsenso and al., 2022 [59] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Smoke (yes): 23.3% Alcohol (yes): 67.7% |
| 26 | Lhuillier and al., 2022 [60] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Depressive Symptoms Mean (SD): 4.23 (4.71) in Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae (vs 3.06 in no post acute covid sequelae) |
| 27 | Tleyjeh and al., 2022 [61] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subject |
| 28 | Kidwai and al., 2022 [62] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subject |
| 29 | Magdy and al., 2021 [63] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Depression: 26.7% Smoking: 17.8% Drug abuse: 2.2% |
| 30 | Abdelhafiz and al., 2022 [64] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Smoking: 7.78% |
| 31 | Ghoshal and al., 2021 [65] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Addiction (tabac, alcool): 20% |
| 32 | Peter and al., 2022 [66] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Not specified in long covid subject |
| 33 | Alkwai and al., 2022 [67] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched |
Anxiety: 13% Depression: 7.4% Other mental health disorder: 3.7% |
| 34 | Colizzi and al., 2022 [68] | Mental health symptoms: symptoms of psychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, insomnia), lack of concentration and focus, and fatigue | Declarative | Not researched | Not researched |
| 35 | Martinez and al., 2021 [69] | Not researched | Non recherché | Not researched | History of depression or state of exhaustion: 5% |
| 36 | Uygur and al., 2021 [70] | Not researched | Not researched | Not researched | Fatigue group: History of psychiatric disease (24.5%); History of psychiatric drug use (31%) |