Table 1.
Summary of clinicopathologic features of primary endometrial YSTs.
| Author | Year of public | Age | Symptom | Associated component | Initial diagnosis | FIGO stage | Metastasis site | Laboratory report | Immunohistoch-emical | Surgerys | Chemo- therapy | Radiotherapy | Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pileri (6) | 1980 | 28 | AVB | None | NA | IB | None | AFP 380ng/ml | AFP(+) | TAH+BSO | VAC | No | REC 2;DOD 8 |
| Ohta (9) | 1988 | 27 | AVB,IM | None | YST | IA | None | AFP 1580ng/ml | AFP(+) | TAH+BSO+OMT | VAC | No | NED>14 |
| Clement (10) | 1988 | 24 | AVB | None | NA | IV | Ovary | AFP 3600ng/ml | AFP(+),AAT(+), CEA(+) |
CISH+BSO | VAC | YES | REC,DOD 24 |
| Joseph (11) | 1990 | 42 | AVB | None | YST | IA | None | AFP18530ng/ml | AFP(+), AAT(+), CK(+),PLAP(+) | TAH+BSO | PVB | No | NED>24 |
| Spatz (12) | 1998 | 49 | AVB | None | YST | IVB | None | AFP normal | AFP(+) | TAH+BSO+PLND | NO | 45 Gy on the pelvis | NED>28 |
| Wang C (13) | 2011 | 29 | AVB | None | YST | II | None | AFP 3593.4 ng/ml | NA | Modified hysterectomy+LSO+PLND+PALND | Etoposide + carboplatin + bleomycin | No | NED>39 |
| Rossi R (14) | 2011 | 30 | AVB | None | GCT | II | None | AFP1.762 ng/ml | AFP(+) | TAH | BEP | No | NED>72 |
| Abhilasha (15) | 2014 | 31 | AVB | None | NA | IA | None | AFP 242.3 IU/ml | AFP(+),CK(+), PLAP(+),CD 117(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | NED >24 |
| Qzler (16) | 2015 | 44 | AVB | None | NA | IB | None | AFP 27522ng/ml | NA | TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | NED>6 |
| Qzler (16) | 2015 | 57 | Abd pain | None | NA | IVB | Lung,ovary, liver | AFP 29214ng/ml | NA | TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | DOD<2 |
| Damato (17) | 2016 | 63 | Postmenopausal bleeding | None | Metastatic colorectal carcinoma | IVB | Liver,lung | AFP 244.6IU/ml(PO) | AFP(+),GPC3(+),SALL4(+),Villin(+), CDX2(+), Hep Par1(+), CK20(+),CEA(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | REC,6 |
| Li JK (18) | 2017 | 38 | Menorrhea | None | NA | IIIC | Omentum | AFP 37.4 ng/ml(PO) | AFP(+),CEA(+), SALL4(+), CK18(+),CK56(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | NED>24 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 59 | AVB,uterine mass | None | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | IB | NA | NA | AFP(+),GPC3(+)SALL4(+), CDX2(+) | NA | YES | No | LTF |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 68 | AVB,uterine mass | None | Metastatic colorectal carcinoma | IV | NA | NA | AFP(+),GPC3(+), SALL4(+), CK20(+) |
YES | YES | No | DOD 14 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 61 | AVB | None | Metastatic colorectal carcinoma | IA | NA | NA | AFP (–),CK20(+), CK7(+),CDX2(+), SALL4(+) |
YES | YES | No | AWD8 |
| Lu T (19) | 2019 | 27 | AVB | None | YST | IA | NA | AFP 800 ng/ml | AFP(+),SALL4(+), CK(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | DC | No | NED> 14 |
| Lin SW (20) | 2019 | 68 | Postmenopausal bleeding | None | Serous carcinoma | II | None | AFP 133.4ng/ml(PO) | AFP (+) | TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | NED>6 |
| Ge H (21) | 2021 | 43 | AVB,Abd pain | None | EC | IA | None | AFP 1465 µg/ml | AFP(+),SALL 4(+), GPC-3(+),AE1/AE3(+),PAX 8(+) |
TAH+Bilateral salpingectomy+ Bilateral ovarian biopsy +PLND+PALND+OMT |
BEP | No | NED >15 |
| Sinha (22) | 2021 | 73 | Abd pain | None | EC | IIIA | Ovary | AFP10.5 ng/ml(PO) | AFP(+),GPC3(+), SALL 4(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+Omental biopsy | BP | No | NED>15 |
| Cheng X (23) | 2021 | 35 | AVB, prolonged menstruation |
None | NA | IA | None | AFP 9152 ng/ml | AFP(+),SALL4(+), AE1/AE3(+),CD117(+),Ki-67(80%+), Vim(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | BEP | No | NED>21 |
| Liu R (24) | 2024 | 42 | AVB | None | YST | IIIA | None | AFP1210 ng/ml | AFP(+),SALL4(+), p16(+),EMA(+), |
TAH+BSO+PLND | BEP | No | NED>13 |
| Shokeir (7) | 1996 | 64 | Abd | mixed Müllerian tumor | NA | IVB | NA | AFP15918ng/ml | NA | NA | NA | No | DOD,2.5 |
| Patsner (25) | 2001 | 59 | Postmenopausal bleeding | EC | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | IVB | Liver, diaphragm | AFP 27670 ng/ml, CA-125 250 U/ml |
AFP(+), CK(+),PLAP(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+OMT | BEP EP | 21 Gy by vaginal brachytherapy | REC,16;AWD>16 |
| Oguri (26) | 2006 | 65 | Watery discharge | carcinosarcoma | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | IIIC | Ln | AFP 2360 ng/ml, CA 199 50 U/ml, CEA 110 U/ml |
AFP(+), AE1/AE3(+), CK7(+),EMA(+) |
MRH+BSO+PLND | TP | No | NA |
| Ji M (27) | 2013 | 28 | AVB | EC | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | IV | Peritoneum,Omentum | AFP 1522 ng/ml, β-hCG 518.9 mIU/ml, CA 125 129 U/ml |
AFP(+), AE1/AE3(+), EMA(+), CA125(+),CK7(+) |
TAH+BSO+OMT+PLND+appendectomy+ partial resection of the sigmoid colon with anastomosis |
PTX,ADM,DDP,CBDCA,MTX,Act-D,VP-16,BLM,pingyangmycin,VCR,FUDR,oxaliplatin,CPA | No | REC,2;AWD,10 |
| Hu Y (28) | 2016 | 36 | AVB | CCC | CCC | IIIA | None | AFP 4597 ng/ml | AFP(+), GPC3(+),CK(+), Calretinin(+), PLAP(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT | Docetaxel+nedaplatin | No | NED >12 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 55 | AVB | Complex hyperplasia | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | II | NA | NA | AFP (–),CK20(+), CDX2(+) | YES | YES | YES | DOD16 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 77 | AVB,uterine mass | Endometrial adenocarcinoma, Undifferentiated carcinoma |
MMMT | IIIC | NA | NA | AFP(-),GPC3(+),SALL4(+),PAX-8(+) | NA | NA | NA | LTF |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 64 | AVB | adenocarcinoma,NOS | Undifferentiated carcinoma | IIIA | NA | NA | CK7(+),CDX2(+),AFP(+),GPC3(+),SALL4(+) | YES | YES | YES | DOD 23 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 87 | AVB | adenocarcinoma,NOS | Endometrial adenocarcinoma | II | NA | NA | AFP(+), GPC3(+), SALL4(+) | YES | YES | No | AWD7 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 63 | AVB | MMMT | MMMT | IIIC | NA | NA | CDX2(+), Villin(+), SALL4(+) | YES | YES | YES | NED5 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 62 | AVB | Serous carcinoma | Serous carcinoma | IB | NA | NA | AFP (–),CK7(+), GPC3(+),SALL4(+), PAX-8(+) |
YES | YES | No | AWD30 |
| Ravishankar (8) | 2017 | 77 | AVB | Serous, Clear cell, Undifferentiated carcinoma |
Serous carcinoma | IIIC | NA | NA | AFP (–),CDX2(+), GPC3(+),SALL4(+), PAX-8(+) |
YES | YES | No | AWD17 |
| Song L (29) | 2019 | 38 | AVB,menorrhea | CCC | Carcinosarcoma | IVB | None | CA125 58.5 U/ml,AFP Normal | AFP(+),SALL4(+), GPC3(+),CK18(+), CD56(+),CD15(+), p16(+),CEA(+) |
TAH+BSO+PLND+PALND+OMT+Appendectomy | BEP | No | NED>24 |
| Zhang H (30) | 2020 | 65 | Postmenopausal bleeding | embryonal carcinoma,immature teratoma | EC | 1A | None | AFP 359 ng/ml | AFP(+),OCT 3/4(+), AE1/AE3(+), GFAP(+),Ki-67(+) |
TAH+BSO | BEP | No | NED 15 |
| Mills (31) | 2024 | 74 | Postmenopausal bleeding | Carcinosarcoma | YST | IB | NA | AFP10024 ng/ml | AFP(+),GPC3(+), SALL4(+) |
YES | NA | NA | NA |
| Mills (31) | 2024 | 82 | NA | Highgrade carcinoma | Highgrade carcinoma | IB | Lung | NA | AFP(+),GPC3(+), SALL4(+),CDX2(+),CK20(+) |
YES | NA | NA | REC,8 |
| Mills (31) | 2024 | 70 | NA | SC | SC | IB | None | NA | AFP(-),SALL 4(+), GPC-3(+) |
YES | NA | NA | NED>34 |
| Mills (31) | 2024 | 59 | NA | UDC | UDC | IA | None | NA | SALL 4(+), GPC-3(+) |
YES | NA | NA | NED>48 |
| Zicheng C | – | 71 | Postmenopausal bleeding | EC | EC | IIIB | Omentum,lung | AFP 15.480ng/ml CEA 8.070ng/ml CA199 98.280U/ml |
AFP(+),SALL4(+),GPC3(+),SATB2(+)CDX2(+),Villin(+),CK7(+),CK20(+),CD10(+) | TAH+BSO+PLND | BEP+TC | CTV4600 cGy/23f by vaginal brachytherapy | REC,8;AWD>20 |
ref, references; AVB, abnormal vaginal bleeding; Abd, abdominal; PO, postoperatively; EC, endometrioid adenocarcinoma; SC, serous carcinoma; UDC, undifferentiated carcinoma; AC, adenocarcinoma; MMMT, malignant mixed mullerian tumor; CCC, clear cell carcinoma; CISH, classical intrafascial supracervical hysterectomy; BSO, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; TAH, total abdominal hysterectomy; OMT, omentectomy; PLND, pelvic lymph node dissection; PALND, para-aortic lymph node dissection; MRH, modified radical hysterectomy; REC, recurrence; AWD, alive with disease; DOD, died of disease; LTF, lost to follow-up; NED, no evidence sof disease; NA, not available.