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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Med Inform. 2024 Aug 5;191:105588. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105588

Table 2.

Structure learning results of MINDMerge ensemble algorithm and other algorithms under different dataset sizes (best performances are highlighted in bold).

Method Recall F1 Recall F1 Recall F1 Recall F1
Cancer 500 Cancer 1 K Cancer 2 K Cancer 5 K
BDeu 0.6(0.129) 0.732(0.09) 0.7(0.158) 0.804(0.112) 0.775(0.142) 0.814(0.115) 0.925(0.169) 0.925(0.169)
BDla 0.25(0.289) 0.276(0.311) 0.425(0.237) 0.485(0.285) 0.275(0.079) 0.297(0.099) 0.8(0.329) 0.797(0.334)
BIC 0.325(0.169) 0.508(0.131) 0.6(0.175) 0.729(0.168) 0.65(0.129) 0.744(0.136) 0.9(0.129) 0.932(0.093)
H2PC 0.35(0.129) 0.495(0.152) 0.625(0.177) 0.748(0.171) 0.65(0.129) 0.725(0.153) 0.925(0.121) 0.936(0.108)
MMHC 0.35(0.129) 0.5(0.145) 0.575(0.169) 0.729(0.168) 0.65(0.129) 0.735(0.145) 0.875(0.132) 0.896(0.116)
BDeu-en 0.75(0.204) 0.753(0.135) 0.8(0.197) 0.793(0.192) 0.8(0.197) 0.807(0.177) 0.95(0.158) 0.95(0.158)
BDla-en 0.425(0.265) 0.425(0.279) 0.6(0.269) 0.577(0.245) 0.4(0.175) 0.395(0.172) 0.75(0.264) 0.721(0.267)
BIC-en 0.6(0.175) 0.677(0.157) 0.75(0.167) 0.786(0.127) 0.825(0.121) 0.835(0.102) 0.975(0.079) 0.964(0.083)
H2PC-en 0.6(0.211) 0.656(0.183) 0.7(0.105) 0.758(0.101) 0.775(0.142) 0.814(0.115) 0.975(0.079) 0.975(0.079)
MMHC-en 0.6(0.175) 0.662(0.15) 0.675(0.121) 0.731(0.1) 0.8(0.158) 0.828(0.129) 0.975(0.079) 0.975(0.079)
Het-en 0.45(0.158) 0.596(0.152) 0.625(0.177) 0.748(0.171) 0.675(0.121) 0.721(0.13) 0.925(0.121) 0.946(0.091)
Voting-N 0.3(0.197) 0.533(0.143) 0.5(0.236) 0.701(0.146) 0.675(0.121) 0.78(0.108) 0.875(0.132) 0.929(0.075)
MINDMerge 0.825(0.169) 0.66(0.149) 0.825(0.121) 0.727(0.077) 0.85(0.129) 0.781(0.063) 1(0) 0.954(0.071)
Child 500 Child 1 K Child 2 K Child 5 K
BDeu 0.676(0.072) 0.746(0.079) 0.74(0.047) 0.782(0.044) 0.748(0.092) 0.765(0.092) 0.784(0.087) 0.793(0.096)
BDla 0.6(0.105) 0.653(0.119) 0.708(0.057) 0.733(0.059) 0.82(0.087) 0.824(0.091) 0.808(0.045) 0.790(0.056)
BIC 0.66(0.069) 0.738(0.072) 0.736(0.054) 0.784(0.051) 0.748(0.073) 0.757(0.077) 0.788(0.09) 0.793(0.096)
H2PC 0.584(0.057) 0.679(0.06) 0.7(0.043) 0.764(0.043) 0.736(0.054) 0.784(0.044) 0.86(0.028) 0.869(0.021)
MMHC 0.496(0.051) 0.608(0.059) 0.592(0.037) 0.7(0.041) 0.628(0.038) 0.728(0.034) 0.6(0.044) 0.695(0.051)
BDeu-en 0.74(0.043) 0.754(0.051) 0.764(0.058) 0.769(0.063) 0.82(0.078) 0.805(0.086) 0.776(0.063) 0.761(0.068)
BDla-en 0.724(0.051) 0.689(0.051) 0.788(0.078) 0.774(0.069) 0.84(0.027) 0.806(0.028) 0.848(0.032) 0.824(0.038)
BIC-en 0.692(0.063) 0.729(0.065) 0.788(0.05) 0.797(0.061) 0.824(0.078) 0.803(0.079) 0.788(0.065) 0.778(0.07)
H2PC-en 0.608(0.082) 0.682(0.082) 0.692(0.046) 0.76(0.047) 0.732(0.042) 0.758(0.041) 0.824(0.021) 0.841(0.02)
MMHC-en 0.528(0.059) 0.634(0.065) 0.616(0.043) 0.713(0.051) 0.66(0.043) 0.75(0.047) 0.628(0.05) 0.702(0.053)
Het-en 0.64(0.068) 0.709(0.073) 0.692(0.038) 0.769(0.038) 0.792(0.067) 0.822(0.069) 0.836(0.048) 0.853(0.049)
Voting-N 0.652(0.053) 0.759(0.05) 0.736(0.034) 0.825(0.033) 0.876(0.035) 0.908(0.026) 0.928(0.017) 0.943(0.009)
MINDMerge 0.824(0.034) 0.79(0.038) 0.86(0.051) 0.83(0.061) 0.948(0.019) 0.917(0.033) 0.96(0) 0.958(0.006)
Alarm 500 Alarm 1 K Alarm 2 K Alarm 5 K
BDeu 0.641(0.106) 0.602(0.111) 0.661(0.067) 0.639(0.065) 0.696(0.047) 0.659(0.047) 0.717(0.067) 0.686(0.077)
BDla 0.646(0.057) 0.587(0.063) 0.685(0.048) 0.65(0.057) 0.698(0.093) 0.656(0.093) 0.761(0.086) 0.728(0.088)
BIC 0.5(0.066) 0.543(0.072) 0.55(0.032) 0.574(0.038) 0.635(0.054) 0.643(0.064) 0.693(0.042) 0.698(0.046)
H2PC 0.393(0.046) 0.519(0.051) 0.459(0.075) 0.574(0.082) 0.554(0.043) 0.662(0.052) 0.663(0.06) 0.738(0.068)
MMHC 0.354(0.053) 0.484(0.066) 0.487(0.068) 0.606(0.077) 0.524(0.022) 0.644(0.029) 0.635(0.034) 0.726(0.04)
BDeu-en 0.65(0.11) 0.548(0.102) 0.722(0.061) 0.633(0.054) 0.713(0.06) 0.633(0.065) 0.752(0.059) 0.689(0.068)
BDla-en 0.62(0.076) 0.511(0.065) 0.652(0.072) 0.568(0.06) 0.661(0.045) 0.567(0.047) 0.693(0.076) 0.621(0.072)
BIC-en 0.502(0.045) 0.511(0.044) 0.602(0.047) 0.594(0.04) 0.643(0.031) 0.628(0.034) 0.665(0.034) 0.641(0.033)
H2PC-en 0.502(0.071) 0.615(0.076) 0.537(0.051) 0.631(0.056) 0.589(0.042) 0.68(0.044) 0.676(0.042) 0.737(0.05)
MMHC-en 0.459(0.068) 0.573(0.072) 0.515(0.045) 0.617(0.047) 0.574(0.055) 0.677(0.061) 0.641(0.029) 0.721(0.033)
Het-en 0.517(0.062) 0.619(0.066) 0.7(0.05) 0.698(0.052) 0.724(0.053) 0.712(0.06) 0.77(0.044) 0.807(0.048)
Voting-N 0.507(0.047) 0.625(0.051) 0.635(0.032) 0.712(0.031) 0.663(0.031) 0.731(0.04) 0.729(0.051) 0.799(0.053)
MINDMerge 0.691(0.059) 0.632(0.053) 0.735(0.025) 0.675(0.019) 0.746(0.041) 0.674(0.046) 0.811(0.051) 0.762(0.056)