Table 5. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of the risk group according to the studied variables using multinomial logistic regression. Brazil, 2020.
| Variables | Risk group | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | OR | p – value | OR | p – value | |
| (%) | (%) | |||||
| Biological characteristics | ||||||
| Race | ||||||
| White | 98.5 (98.3–98.6) | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Black | 98.6 (98.3–98.9) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.402 | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.008 |
| Brown | 98.7 (98.5–98.8) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 0.093 | 0.7 (0.6–0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Educational level | ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| No instruction | 96.2 (95.6–96.8) | 3.8 (3.2–4.4) | 5.8 (4.2–8.0) | < 0.001 | 3.4 (2.4–4.8) | < 0.001 |
| Elementary | 97.7 (97.5–97.9) | 2.2 (2.0–2.5) | 3.4 (2.5–4.6) | < 0.001 | 2.4 (1.8–3.3) | < 0.001 |
| High school | 99.3 (99.1–99.4) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 1.0 (0.7–1.5) | 0.835 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.689 |
| Graduate | 99.3 (99.1–99.5) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Access to health services | ||||||
| Census situation | ||||||
| Urban | 98.2 (98.0–98.4) | 1.7 (1.6–1.9) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Rural | 95.9 (95.5–96.2) | 4.1 (3.8–4.5) | 2.5 (2.2–2.9) | < 0.001 | 1.8 (1.5–2.0) | < 0.001 |
| Household registered in ESF* | ||||||
| Yes | 97.8 (97.6–97.9) | 2.2 (2.0–2.4) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| No | 98.0 (97.7–98.3) | 2.0 (1.7–2.3) | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) | 0.593 | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 0.012 |
| Don’t know | 98.3 (98.0–98.6) | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) | 0.7 (0.6–1.0) | 0.027 | 1.0 (0.7–1.2) | 0.797 |
| Frequency of visits to healthcare professionals | ||||||
| Medical doctor | ||||||
| Less than 1 year | 98.6 (98.5–98.7) | 1.4 (1.3–1.5) | 1 | – | – | – |
| 1 to 2 years | 98.5 (98.1–98.8) | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.450 | – | – |
| 2 to 3 years | 98.7 (98.1–99.1) | 1.3 (0.9–1.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.780 | – | – |
| More than 3 years or never | 98.0 (97.5–98.3) | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Dentist | ||||||
| Less than 1 year | 99.0 (98.8–99.1) | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| 1 to 2 years | 99.0 (98.8–99.2) | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 1.0 (0.8–1.3) | 0.940 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.551 |
| 2 to 3 years | 98.7 (98.3–99.0) | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 0.080 | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.494 |
| More than 3 years or never | 97.3 (97.0–97.5) | 2.7 (2.4–3.0) | 2.8 (2.3–3.3) | < 0.001 | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | < 0.001 |
| Cancer diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 94.5 (92.3–96.2) | 5.4 (3.8–7.7) | 1 | – | – | – |
| No | 98.0 (97.9–98.1) | 2.0 (1.9–2.1) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.012 | – | – |
| Self – care practices | ||||||
| Self – assessment of general health | ||||||
| Good or very good | 98.8 (98.7–98.9) | 1.2 (1.0–1.3) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| Regular | 97.8 (97.5–98.0) | 2.2 (1.9–2.4) | 1.9 (1.6–2.2) | < 0.001 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 0.022 |
| Poor or very poor | 98.6 (98.2–98.9) | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.170 | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | < 0.001 |
| Self – assessment of oral health | ||||||
| Good or very good | 98.7 (98.6–98.8) | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) | 1 | – | – | – |
| Regular | 98.3 (98.0–98.5) | 1.7 (1.5–2.0) | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Poor or very poor | 97.6 (97.0–98.2) | 2.3 (1.8–3.0) | 1.8 (1.4–2.4) | < 0.001 | – | – |
| Physical exercise practice in the last 3 months | ||||||
| Yes | 98.9 (98.7–99.1) | 1.1 (0.9–1.2) | 1 | – | 1 | – |
| No | 97.1 (96.9–97.3) | 2.8 (2.6–3.1) | 2.5 (2.1–3.0) | < 0.001 | 1.7 (1.4–2.0) | < 0.001 |
*“Estratégia Saúde da Família” (Family Health Strategy in literal translation) is a primary healthcare program implemented by the Brazilian government to provide comprehensive healthcare services, emphasizing preventive care and health promotion within communities.