. 2025 Oct 13;15:35661. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-19530-5

Table 4.

Voltage stress of switches in proposed 25-level inverter.

Switch	Voltage stress		Switch	Voltage stress
Switch	Value	Per-unit	Switch	Value	Per-unit
S₁	2V_dc = 0.17V_{o, max}	0.17	K₂	5V_dc = 0.417V_{o, max}	0.417
S₂	2V_dc = 0.17V_{o, max}	0.17	T₁	10V_dc = 0.83V_{o, max}	0.83
S₃	10V_dc = 0.83V_{o, max}	0.83	T₂	12V_dc = V_{o, max}	1
S₄	10V_dc = 0.83V_{o, max}	0.83	T₃	12V_dc = V_{o, max}	1
K₁	V_dc=0.083V_{o, max}	0.083	T₄	10V_dc = 0.83V_{o, max}	0.83
Total voltage stress (TVS)			Value		74V_dc
Total voltage stress (TVS)			Per unit		6.167