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. 2025 Oct 14;53(5):249–255. doi: 10.4274/TJAR.2025.251902

Table 3. Comparisons of Hemodynamic Parameters in Between Group DL and Group VL at Various Time Intervals (Mean±SD).

Variables

DL (n = 75)

VL (n = 68)

P value

Before intubation

HR (Beat/min)

111.87±15.16

115.90±12.59

0.088

SBP (mmHg)

105.05±9.34

101.76±9.11

0.035

DBP (mmHg)

65.65±7.91

63.68±8.77

0.159

SpO2 (%)

100.00±0.00

100.00±0.00

-

After 1 min intubation

HR (Beat min)

125.13±13.89

126.10±13.97

0.678

SBP (mmHg)

113.95±9.11

109.24±9.79

0.003

DBP (mmHg)

73.21±8.72

69.46±8.28

0.009

SpO2 (%)

100.00±0.00

100.00±0.00

-

After 3 min of intubation

HR (Beat min)

121.72±14.06

120.85±15.13

0.723

SBP (mmHg)

110.64±9.52

106.43±10.98

0.015

DBP (mmHg)

71.52±9.66

65.97±11.63

0.002

SpO2 (%)

100.00±0.00

100.00±0.00

-

DL, direct laryngoscopy; KVL, King Vision aBlade video laryngoscopy; VL, video laryngoscopy; SD, standard deviation; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SpO2, peripheral oxygen saturation