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. 2025 Sep 26;26(19):9433. doi: 10.3390/ijms26199433
ADME Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
AIF Apoptosis-inducing factor
AKT Serine/threonine kinase (also known as protein kinase B, PKB)
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
AP-1 Activator protein 1
Bak Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer
Bax Bcl-2–associated X protein
Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma-extra large
Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
Bid BH3-interacting domain death agonist
CDK2 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
CETSA Cellular thermal shift assay
c-Myc Cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene
DARTS Drug affinity responsive target stability
EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FasL Fas ligand
FYN Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn
HIF-1α Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha
HRAS Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
HSP90AA1 Heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1
IκBα Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B alpha
IL-6 Interleukin-6
iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase
JAK Janus kinase
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MDR1 Multidrug resistance protein 1
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
mTOR Mechanistic target of rapamycin
MYC Myelocytomatosis oncogene
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
PAMPA Parallel artificial membrane permeability assay
PARP Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase
PD-L1 Programmed death-ligand 1
PDX Patient-derived xenografts
PIK3CA Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha
PIK3R1 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1
PI3K Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PPI Protein–protein interaction
PTGS2 (COX-2) Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (cyclooxygenase-2)
RHOA Ras homolog family member A
RIP1 Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SIRT1 Sirtuin 1
STAT3 Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
u-PA Urokinase-type plasminogen activator
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
Wnt Wingless-related integration site