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. 2025 Sep 24;14(19):2961. doi: 10.3390/plants14192961
Amyloid Beta
ADME Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
AKI Acute kidney injury
Arg-1 Arginase-1
ARE Antioxidant response element
BAX Bcl-2-associated X protein
BBB Blood–brain barrier
Bcl-2 B-cell lymphoma 2
BRP Brazilian red propolis
BV2 Microglial BV2 cell line
CAT Catalase
CD Cluster of differentiation
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
CXCL1 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1
CXCR3 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 3
cAMP Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CYP51 Sterol 14-alpha-demethylase
DMH 1,2-dimethylhydrazine
DOX Doxorubicin
EGF Epidermal growth gactor
EMT Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ER Estrogen receptor
ERK Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FOXO3a Forkhead box O3a
FOXP3 Forkhead box P3
G6PD Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GPX4 Glutathione peroxidase 4
GR Glutathione reductase
GSH Glutathione
HO-1 Heme oxygenase 1
HSFs Human skin fibroblasts
IC50 Half maximal inhibitory concentration
ICAM-1 Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
IFN Interferon
IFN-α Interferon-alpha
IFN-β Interferon-beta
IFN-γ Interferon-gamma
IKK IκB kinase
IL-1β Interleukin 1 beta
IL-6 Interleukin 6
IRF1 Interferon regulatory factor 1
JAK2 Janus kinase 2
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
Keap-1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
LC3II/I Microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (form II/I)
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
M1/M2 Macrophage phenotypes: M1 (pro-inflammatory), M2 (anti-inflammatory)
MCAO Middle cerebral artery occlusion
MCP-1 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MDA Malondialdehyde
MDCK Madin–Darby canine kidney
MMP-2 Matrix metallopeptidase 2
MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin
NLRP3 NLR family pyrin domain containing 3
NF-κB Nuclear factor κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells)
NO Nitric oxide
NQO1 NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
NSCLC Non-small-cell lung cancer
OGD Oxygen-glucose deprivation
P62 Sequestosome 1
PASI Psoriasis area and severity index
PCNA Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PD-L1 Programmed death-ligand 1
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
PGES Prostaglandin E synthase
PI3K Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PTGS2 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
P-gp P-glycoprotein
ROS Reactive oxygen species
RORγt RAR-related orphan receptor gamma
SIRT3 Sirtuin 3
Smad2/3 SMAD family member 2 and 3
SOD Superoxide dismutase
STAT Signal transducer and activator of transcription
TAC Transverse aortic constriction
TGF-β1 Transforming growth factor beta 1
TLR4 Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TR Trypanothione reductase
TSLP Thymic stromal lymphopoietin
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
ZO-1 Zonula occludens-1