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. 2025 Sep 30;17(19):2644. doi: 10.3390/polym17192644
PP Polypropylene
VUV Vacuum ultraviolet
WCA Water contact angle
XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
SIMS Secondary ion mass spectrometry
FTIR Fourier-transform infrared
AFM Atomic force microscopy
SEM Scanning electron microscopy
RF Radiofrequency
PCSFE Polar component of the surface free energy
SFE Surface free energy
MW Microwave
DBD Dielectric barrier discharge