Table 2.
Study quality evaluation via the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale
| Study | Representativeness of the exposed cohort | Selection of the non-exposed cohort | Ascertainment of exposure | Outcome not present at baseline | Control for age and sex | Control for other confounding factors | Assessment of outcome | Enough long follow-up duration | Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meyer 2020 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Meyer 2021 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Seilern 2022 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
| Tram 2022 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Lakra 2023 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Zamanzadeh 2023 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
| Karumuri 2023 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Alibayli 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Tram 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Kyaw 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Zamanzadeh 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Kim 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |
| Arapovic 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
| Garcia 2024 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 |