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. 2025 Jun 6;125(11):3259–3272. doi: 10.1007/s00421-025-05820-3

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Muscular strength and power tests differences in mean, peak, time to reach peak power output and rate of power development among experimental conditions. Mean power output (Wmean, Fig. 1A), peak power (Wpeak, Fig. 2B) and time to reach Wpeak (Fig. 2C) and rate of power development (RFD, Fig. 2D). In the four figures, bench press exercise values are illustrated in the left side, while back squat exercise values are illustrated in the right side. Abbreviations: MPLA, morning trial ingesting placebo; MCAF, morning trial ingesting caffeine; EPLA, evening trial ingesting placebo; ECAF, evening trial ingesting caffeine. *P 0.05 MCAF compared to MPLA; #P 0.05 ECAF compared to EPLA; θ P 0.05 EPLA compared to MPLA.