Table 4.

Comparison between pre- and post-hybrid program

Pre vs. post ICEP
ICEP	Mean (SD)	Mean difference	95% confidence interval		p-value
			Lower bound	Upper bound
Interpersonal attributes
Pre	3.47 (1.46)	0.43	0.15	0.71	0.003*
Post	3.89 (1.40)
Profession-specific tasks
Pre	3.39 (1.58)	0.38	0.16	0.60	< 0.001*
Post	3.77 (1.55)
Generic attributes
Pre	4.07 (1.39)	0.20	−0.02	0.43	0.07
Post	4.28 (1.39)
Total scores
Pre	3.63 (1.52)	0.33	0.19	0.47	< 0.001*
Post	3.97 (1.48)

After the program, students reported significantly higher senses of PI across interpersonal attributes, profession-specific tasks, and overall PI rating

Scale: 6-point scale (1 = lowest self-perceived PI, 6 = highest self-perceived PI)

^*p < 0.05