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. 2025 Oct 17;15:36464. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-21338-2

Table 2.

Electricity management description under following electric load method.

No. Operating condition Electricity management
#1 LCPV-CPC output is below demand; small-scale gas turbine generator is operating and fully covers the shortfall. Local generation meets the entire demand with no electricity imported from or exported to the grid.
#2 LCPV-CPC output is below demand; small-scale gas turbine generator is operating but cannot fully meet the load. Part of the demand is met by the small-scale gas turbine generator and the remainder is purchased from the utility grid.
#3 Output from the low-concentration LCPV-CPC subsystem exceeds instantaneous electrical demand; small-scale gas turbine generatoris off. Surplus electricity is directed to the utility grid after satisfying the local load.
#4 LCPV-CPC output is below demand; small-scale gas turbine generator is off. Entire electrical shortfall is supplied by the utility grid.