Table 2. Multinomial multivariate logistic regression analysis for risk factors of sarcopenia.

Variables	Possible sarcopenia			Confirmed sarcopenia			Severe sarcopenia
	β	SE	aOR (95% CI)	β	SE	aOR (95% CI)	Β	SE	aOR (95% CI)
Age (years)
60–74	1.00
≥75	0.533	0.332	1.71 [0.89–3.27]	0.663	0.470	1.94 [0.77–4.87]	1.509	0.353	4.52 [2.26–9.03]***
Gender
Male	1.00
Female	0.948	0.267	2.58 [1.53–4.36]***	1.112	0.392	3.04 [1.41–6.55]**	0.610	0.304	1.84 [1.01–3.34]*
Race
Malay	0.499	0.319	1.65 [0.88–3.08]	−0.207	0.447	0.81 [0.34–1.95]	0.327	0.381	1.39 [0.66–2.93]
Indian	0.509	0.362	1.66 [0.82–3.38]	0.400	0.493	1.49 [0.57–3.92]	1.339	0.401	3.82 [1.74–8.39]**
Chinese	1.00
Locality
Petaling	1.066	0.260	2.90 [1.75–4.83]***	0.014	0.395	1.01 [0.47–2.20]	1.339	0.304	3.82 [2.10–6.93]***
Kuala Langat	1.00
Level of education
Primary or less	0.368	0.440	1.45 [0.61–3.42]	1.006	0.850	2.73 [0.52–14.47]	1.671	0.649	5.32 [1.49–18.97]*
Secondary	−0.157	0.427	0.85 [0.37–1.98]	0.850	0.832	2.34 [0.46–11.96]	0.572	0.645	1.77 [0.50–6.28]
Tertiary	1.00
Physical activity
Active	1.00
Inactive	0.403	0.300	1.50 [0.83–2.69]	−0.149	0.402	0.86 [0.39–1.89]	0.825	0. 377	2.28 [1.09–4.78]*
Comorbidities
Type-2 diabetes mellitus
Yes	0.627	0.290	1.87 [1.06–3.31]*	−0.291	0.486	0.75 [0.29–1.94]	0.545	0.335	1.73 [0.89–3.33]
No	1.00
Hypertension
Yes	0.199	0.281	1.22 [0.70–2.12]	−0.811	0.393	0.45 [0.21–0.96]*	−0.592	0.321	0.55 [0.30–1.04]
No	1.00
Depression
Yes	−0.594	0.543	0.55 [0.19–1.60]	1.183	0.600	3.27 [1.01–10.59]*	−0.103	0.552	0.90 [0.31–2.66]
No	1.00

Notes:

1.00 = reference category, SE = standard error, β = Beta, Nagelkerke pseudo-R2 = 0.30.

^*p < 0.05.

^**p < 0.01.

^***p < 0.001.