Table 7.

Summary of selected publications^a that have evaluated lead measure associations with uric acid.

Study	No.	Mean age (years)	Mean blood or bone leadb	Association	p-Value of lead measure	Covariates controlled for	Comments
Wang et al. 2002	229	65%	67.7 μg/dL, males	10 μg/dL increase in blood lead associated with a 0.085 mg/dL increase in uric acid	0.02	Sex and body weight	Alcohol apparently not significant
		< 40	48.6 μg/dL, females
Ehrlich et al. 1998	382	41	53.5 μg/dL	Current and historical blood lead in quintiles associated with uric acid	≤0.01 for trend	Age, height, and weight	Tibia lead measured on a random sample of 40 participants
			69.7 μg/g
Roels et al. 1994	76c	44	43.0 μg/dL; 66 μg/g	Continuous lead measures (workers plus controls) with uric acid	NS	Not reported
	68d	43	14.1 μg/dL; 21 μg/g
Baker et al. 1981	318	36e	22.4 μg/dLe	Continuous blood lead with uric acid	NS	Age
		37f	24.0 μg/dLf
Smith et al. 1995	691	48	7.8 μg/dL	Continuous blood lead with uric acid	NS	Age, alcohol, ALAD
Shadick et al. 2000	777	67	5.9 μg/dL	Blood lead and uric acid	0.1	Age, BMI, diastolic blood pressure, alcohol, serum creatinine	Normative Aging Study
			30.2 μg/g patella	Patella lead and uric acid	0.02
			20.8 μg/g tibia	Tibia lead and uric acid	0.06

Abbreviations: ALAD, δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase; NS, not significant.

^aBased on sample size and extent of statistical analysis.

^bμg/g indicates tibia lead per bone mineral unless noted as patella.

^cLead workers.

^dControls.

^eRural residence.

^fUrban residence.