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. 2025 Oct 7;13:1607469. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1607469

FIGURE 1.

The figure presents four panels (A -D) showing rheological measurements of glycosaminoglycan-based solutions with different compositions in PBS, including PRP, BSA, and their combinations. Panel A plots storage modulus (G’) and loss modulus (G”) versus frequency, both increasing with frequency. Panel B shows tan δ values decreasing as frequency increases. Panel C displays complex viscosity versus frequency, with gradual decrease. Panel D illustrates shear viscosity versus shear rate, also decreasing. Legends identify the compositions, and error bars are included in all graphs. Overall, the data highlight frequency- and shear-dependent changes across the tested formulations.

Rheological characterization of the formulations at 37 °C. (A–C) Mechanical spectra as a function of frequency from 0.159 to 15.9 Hz at 2% strain: (A) Storage and loss moduli; (B) tan δ; (C) complex viscosity. (D) Dynamic viscosity as a function of shear rate from 0.1 to 100 s−1.