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. 2025 Oct 7;13:1662689. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1662689

Table 2.

Chi-square analysis of socio-demographic factors influencing familiarity with robotic assisted surgery among study participants.

Familiarity with robotic assisted surgery among study participants
Variable Total (%) Yes No p-value
Age 18–24 185 (27.2) 109 76 0.001*
25-34 133 (19.5) 51 82
35–44 197 (28.9) 91 106
45–54 129 (18.9) 48 81
54–64 32 (4.7) 8 24
65 and above 5 (0.7) 1 4
Gender Males 276 (40.5) 131 145 0.937
Females 405 (59.5) 177 228
Nationality Saudi 481 (70.6) 193 288 0.001*
Non-Saudi 200 (29.4) 115 85
Region in Saudi Arabia Central 89 (13.1) 42 47 0.005*
Eastern 132 (19.4) 65 67
Western 221 (32.5) 114 107
Northern 37 (5.4) 9 28
Southern 202 (29.7) 78 124
Marital status Divorced 23 (3.4) 9 14 0.001*
Married 355 (52.1) 145 210
Single 295 (43.3) 154 141
Widowed 8 9 (1.2) 0 8
Education level Bachelor’s Degree 337 (49.5) 142 195 0.382
Diploma 115 (16.9) 57 58
High school or lower 149 (21.9) 62 87
Postgraduate degree 80 (11.7) 47 33
Work field Health care field 103 (15.1) 62 41 0.001*
Not healthcare field 245 (36.0) 97 148
Not working 124 (18.2) 48 76
Retired 31 (4.6) 7 24
Student 178 (26.1) 94 84
Monthly income Below 6,000 318 (46.7) 140 178 0.582
6,000–15,000 231 (33.9) 103 128
Above 15,000 132 (19.4) 65 67
Technological literacy Competent 168 (24.7) 88 80 0.010*
Literate 453 (66.5) 18 42
Illiterate 60 (8.8) 202 251
Hours spent on an electronic device Less than 4 h 161 (23.6) 63 98 0.146
5–9 h 368 (54.0) 171 197
10–15 h 124 (18.2) 57 67
More than 15 h 28 (4.1) 17 11

*Denotes significant p values <0.05.