Table 2. General characteristics.
NK: natural killer; CAR: chimeric antigen receptor; IL: interleukin; m: membrane-bound; s: secreted; hUC: human umbilical cord blood; N.R: not reported; PB: peripheral blood; *nanobody targeting CD16
| Study | NK cell source | Antigen-binding domain | CAR generation | Costimulatory domain | Transduction method | Transduction efficiency |
| Albinger et al. 2022 [29] | PB | CD33 | 2nd | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 35-60% |
| Albinger et al. 2024 [30] | PB | CD33 | 2nd | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 28-32% |
| Caruso et al. 2022 [26] | PB | CD123 | 2nd | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | 58,8% |
| Christodoulou et al. 2021 [31] | PB | CD123 | 2nd - 4th | 2B4-CD3ζ | Retrovirus | 21-98% |
| 4-1BB-CD3ζ | ||||||
| 2B4-CD3ζ-sIL15 | ||||||
| Dong et al. 2022 [27] | PB | NPM1c + HLA-A2 | 2nd - 4th | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 65% |
| 4-1BB-CD3ζ-m15 | ||||||
| Du et al. 2021 [32] | PB | NKG2D | 2nd - 4th | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Non-viral transposons | 63-90% |
| 4-1BB-CD3ζ-sIL15 | ||||||
| Mansour et al. 2023 [33] | NK-92 - hUC | FLT3 | 2nd - 4th | CD28-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 46.30% |
| 2B4-CD3ζ | ||||||
| CD28-CD3ζ-sIL15 | ||||||
| Morgan et al. 2021 [34] | Non-irradiated NK92 | CD123 | 4th | 4-1BB-CD3ζ-hIL15 | Retrovirus | N.R |
| Salman et al. 2019 [35] | NK-92 | CD4 | 3rd | CD28-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 85% |
| Tang et al. 2018 [28] | NK-92 | CD33 | 3rd | CD28-4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 90% |
| Zhang et al. 2023 [36] | PB | CD33 + B16 VHH* | 2nd | 4-1BB-CD3ζ | Lentivirus | 45-60% |