Skip to main content
. 2025 Oct 22;25:516. doi: 10.1186/s12871-025-03396-1

Table 2.

Myocardial injury biomarkers.

Variables Patients Comparisons
(N)
PHC
(n)
Control
(n)
Heterogeneity Analysis model MD 95%CI Overall effect P
I2 P
cTnI Adults
 Baseline 10 230 135 0% 0.88 Fixed −0.00 −0.01 to 0.01 0.91
 POD-1 10 230 135 85% < 0.0001 Random −1.70 −2.63 to −0.77 0.0003
CK Adults
 Baseline 3 90 30 0% 0.40 Fixed 1.01 −11.56 to 13.58 0.88
 POD-1 3 90 30 0% 0.67 Fixed −106.38 −211.33 to −1.42 0.05
CK-MB Adults
Baseline 5 120 45 0% 0.98 Fixed 0.14 −0.13 to 0.42 0.29
POD-1 6 150 75 79% 0.0002 Random −11.32 −20.34 to −2.30 0.01
MYO Adults
 Baseline 3 90 30 0% 0.43 Fixed 0.03 −2.86 to 2.92 0.98
 POD-1 3 90 30 38% 0.20 Fixed −38.51 −92.34 to 15.33 0.16
cTnT Pediatrics
 Baseline 2 100 100 0% 1.00 Fixed −0.00 −0.00 to 0.00 0.16
 POD-1 2 100 100 0% 0.95 Fixed −0.10 −0.12 to −0.09 < 0.00001
CK Pediatrics
 Baseline 1 10 10 NA NA Random −149.00 −276.53 to −21.47 0.02
 POD-1 1 10 10 NA NA Random −621.00 −1151.11 to −90.89 0.02
CK-MB Pediatrics
 Baseline 1 10 10 NA NA Random −5.00 −16.64 to 6.64 0.40
 POD-1 1 10 10 NA NA Random −43.00 −59.00 to −27.00 < 0.0001
AST Pediatrics
 Baseline 1 10 10 NA NA Random −3.00 −15.40 to 9.40 0.64
 POD-1 1 10 10 NA NA Random −40.00 −66.48 to −13.52 0.003

PHC  Penehyclidine hydrochloride, MD Mean difference, CI  Confidence interval, cTn  Cardiac troponin, CK  Creatine kinase, MYO  Myoglobin, AST  Aspartate transaminase, POD-1 Postoperative day-1, NA  Not applicable