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. 2025 Oct 21;25:1467. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-08066-x

Table 2.

Comparison of the definition of the One Health approach according to grades

One Health approach meant… Gradesn (%) Statistical evaluation
First Sixth
“Not explained” 3a (1) 1a (0.3)

p < 0.001

Φc= 0.195

Separate assessment of human, animal and environmental health 1a (0.3) 0a
Animal and environmental health 3a (1) 2a (0.6)
Human and environmental health 48a(15.6) 17b (5.4)
Human and animal health 11a (3.6) 8a (2.5)
Human, animal and environmental health 240a (77.9) 287b (91.1)
A common concept of health 1a (0.3) 0a (0)
Only one living creature 1a (0.3) 0a (0)

Φc, Cramer’s V; symbols a, b denote cells that are different in the post-hoc analyses. If two cells contain different symbols, there is a statistically significant difference between them