Skip to main content
PMC home page
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research logoLink to Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
. 1986 Jan;50(1):42–46.

Arbovirus infections in several Ontario mammals, 1975-1980.

H Artsob, L Spence, C Th'ng, V Lampotang, D Johnston, C MacInnes, F Matejka, D Voigt, I Watt
PMCID: PMC1255157  PMID: 3017527

Abstract

Serological studies for arboviruses were conducted on 725 animal sera collected in 22 Ontario townships between 1975 and 1980 including 44 coyote (Canis latrans), 277 red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 192 raccoon (Procyon lotor) and 212 striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis). Hemagglutination inhibition antibodies to two flaviviruses, namely St. Louis encephalitis and Powassan were found in 50% of coyote, 47% of skunk, 26% of fox and 10% of raccoon sera. Similarly, hemagglutination inhibition antibodies to a California serogroup virus, snowshoe hare, were found in 12% of fox, 7% of skunk, 7% of raccoon and 5% of coyote sera. No antibodies were detected to two alphavirus, namely eastern equine encephalitis and western equine encephalitis, antigens. This study affirms the endemic presence of Powassan and snowshoe hare virus and further delineates the scope of St. Louis encephalitis activity in Ontario.

Full text

PDF
45

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Artsob H. Distribution of California serogroup viruses and virus infections in Canada. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1983;123:277–290. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Artsob H., Spence L., Surgeoner G., Helson B., Thorsen J., Grant L., Th'ng C. Snowshoe hare virus activity in Southern Ontario. Can J Public Health. 1982 Sep-Oct;73(5):345–349. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Artsob H., Spence L., Surgeoner G., McCreadie J., Thorsen J., Th'ng C., Lampotang V. Isolation of Francisella tularensis and Powassan virus from ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Ontario, Canada. J Med Entomol. 1984 Mar 30;21(2):165–168. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/21.2.165. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Artsob H., Spence L., Th'ng C., West R. Serological survey for human arbovirus infections in the province of Quebec. Can J Public Health. 1980 Sep-Oct;71(5):341–346. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Artsob H., Wright R., Shipp L., Spence L., Th'ng C. California encephalitis virus activity in mosquitoes and horses in southern Ontario, 1975. Can J Microbiol. 1978 Dec;24(12):1544–1547. doi: 10.1139/m78-246. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. CLARKE D. H., CASALS J. Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination-inhibition with arthropod-borne viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1958 Sep;7(5):561–573. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1958.7.561. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. MCLEAN D. M., BEST J. M., MAHALINGAM S., CHERNESKY M. A., WILSON W. E. POWASSAN VIRUS: SUMMER INFECTION CYCLE, 1964. Can Med Assoc J. 1964 Dec 26;91:1360–1362. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. MCLEAN D. M., LARKE R. P. Powassan and Silverwater viruses: ecology of two Ontario arboviruses. Can Med Assoc J. 1963 Jan 26;88:182–185. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Main A. J., Downs W. G., Shope R. E., Wallis R. C. Avian arboviruses of the Witless Bay seabird Sanctuary, Newfoundland, Canada. J Wildl Dis. 1976 Apr;12(2):182–194. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-12.2.182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. McKiel J. A., Hall R. R., Newhouse V. F. Viruses of the California encephalitis complex in indicator rabbits. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1966 Jan;15(1):98–102. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1966.15.98. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McLEAN D. M., DONOHUE W. L. Powassan virus: isolation of virus from a fatal case of encephalitis. Can Med Assoc J. 1959 May 1;80(9):708–711. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. McLean D. M., Chernesky M. A., Chernesky S. J., Goddard E. J., Ladyman S. R., Peers R. R., Purvin-Good K. W. Arbovirus prevalence in the East Kootenay Region, 1968. Can Med Assoc J. 1969 Feb 15;100(7):320–326. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McLean D. M., Cobb C., Gooderham S. E., Smart C. A., Wilson A. G., Wilson W. E. Powassan virus: persistence of virus activity during 1966. Can Med Assoc J. 1967 Mar 18;96(11):660–664. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. McLean D. M., Crawford M. A., Ladyman S. R., Peers R. R., Purvin-Good K. W. California encephalitis and Powassan virus activity in British Columbia, 1969. Am J Epidemiol. 1970 Oct;92(4):266–272. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121206. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McLean D. M., Goddard E. J., Graham E. A., Hardy G. J., Purvin-Good K. W. California encephalitis virus isolations from Yukon mosquitoes, 1971. Am J Epidemiol. 1972 Apr;95(4):347–355. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121403. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McLean D. M., Smith P. A., Livingstone S. E., Wilson W. E., Wilson A. G. Powassan virus: vernal spread during 1965. Can Med Assoc J. 1966 Mar 12;94(11):532–536. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mitchell C. A., Walker R. V. Studies in Equine Encephalomyelitis: Susceptibility of Some Mammals and Birds. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1941 Nov;5(11):314–319. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Partington M. W., Thomson V., O'Shaughnessy M. V. Powassan virus encephalitis in southeastern Ontario. Can Med Assoc J. 1980 Oct 7;123(7):603–606. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. SEVER J. L. Application of a microtechnique to viral serological investigations. J Immunol. 1962 Mar;88:320–329. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Spence L., Artsob H., Grant L., TH'NG C. St. Louis encephalitis in southern Ontario: laboratory studies for arboviruses. Can Med Assoc J. 1977 Jan 8;116(1):35–37. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Thorsen J., Artsob H., Spence L., Surgeoner G., Helson B., Wright R. Virus isolations from mosquitoes in southern Ontario, 1976 and 1977. Can J Microbiol. 1980 Apr;26(4):436–440. doi: 10.1139/m80-072. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Wilson M. S., Wherrett B. A., Mahdy M. S. Powassan virus meningoencephalitis: a case report. Can Med Assoc J. 1979 Aug 4;121(3):320–323. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES