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. 2025 Oct 21;13:e20150. doi: 10.7717/peerj.20150

Table 1. Landscape variables that characterize and define more and less disturbed landscape types.

Variables Less disturbed
Mean (SE)
More disturbed
Mean (SE)
Agricultural and grazing mosaic (ha) 1.67 (0.3) 19.41 (5.6)
Beach sand and dune (ha) 2.06 (0.5) 3.00 (0.6)
Distance to nearest house (m) 1,091.07 (113.8) 867.79 (267,6)
Exotic tree plantation (ha) 0.08 (0.02) 1.67 (0,6)
Grassland (ha) 0.25 (0.06) 2.61 (4.36)
Infrastructure (N of Infrastructure / ha) 0.21 (0.08) 0.07 (0.1)
Native forest (ha) 84.78 (1.9) 65.13 (4.8)
Number of dwellings (N of dwellings / ha) 9.21 (2.9) 20.26 (5.0)
Number of forest patches 6.54 (0.8) 25.09 (1.9)
Rocky outcrop (ha) 4.41 (1.07) 3.20 (0.5)
Scrubland (ha) <0.01 (0.001) 0.58 (0.1)
Wetland (ha) 0.49 (0.1) 3.96 (0.7)