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. 2025 May 31;33(10):6199–6209. doi: 10.1007/s10787-025-01798-8

Table 2.

Protein expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the study groups and statistical values

C CC FCC p
IL1-β Day 3 92.25 ± 8.09a 79.35 ± 3.70b 60.20 ± 4.06c 0.001***
Day 7 61.60 ± 4.01a 37.75 ± 5.35b 27.00 ± 5.20c 0.001***
Day 14 75.30 ± 3.06a 56.85 ± 6.58b 32.20 ± 4.90c 0.001***
IL-6 Day 3 104.85 ± 7.09a 101.10 ± 5.42a 100.20 ± 7.36a 0.074
Day 7 96.10 ± 5.19a 94.05 ± 5.92a 67.00 ± 5.61b 0.001***
Day 14 93.40 ± 6.35a 78.65 ± 7.02b 37.95 ± 5.17c 0.001***
TNF-α Day 3 103.20 ± 6.84a 87.50 ± 4.82b 75.35 ± 4.85c 0.001***
Day 7 100.30 ± 6.17a 74.75 ± 6.06b 57.45 ± 8.46c 0.001***
Day 14 98.65 ± 8.68a 62.75 ± 7.41b 32.40 ± 5.04c 0.001***

Statistical significance is considered for values of *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Identical letters in the same row indicate similarity between the groups, while different letters represent a significant difference between the groups