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. 2025 Oct 24;15:37231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-21004-7

Table 2.

Physical properties of fine and coarse aggregates.

Property Fine aggregates Coarse aggregates Recycled aggregates
Abrasion resistance (%) – 19.37 33.59
Fineness modulus 2.42 3.19 3.87
Water absorption (%) 3.91 3.66 4.58
Specific gravity 2.74 2.96 2.19
Bulk density (kg/m3) 1574 1643 1451