Fig. 4. Drug targeting mechanism [a] schematic representation of PTT-mediated passive targeting and active targeting of tumor cells via inorganic NCs in the management of melanoma, reprinted with permission from ref. 104 Copyright 2024 Elsevier; [b] description for delivery of the NPs into the body followed by the tumor-specific accumulation of the NPs because of the EPR effect (passive targeting), reprinted with permission from ref. 105, Copyright 2023 Elsevier; [c] dual-targeted delivery of Dox-DNFs and BSA-AuNPs for combinational chemo-photothermal therapy of cervical cancer, reprinted with permission from ref. 106, Copyright 2023 Elsevier; and [d] structural composition and the proposed mechanism of action of VES/DOX·HCl co-delivered nanovesicle PEBP-VES-D-Ps based on amphiphilic poly[(PEG)x(BIMA)yphosphazene]n (PEBP) for MDR reversal, reprinted with permission from ref. 107, Copyright 2021 Elsevier.
