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. 2025 Oct 27;32(5):e70167. doi: 10.1002/cpp.70167

TABLE 3.

ACE reduction analyses.

Model EP Δ df p AIC Δ AIC Compare with model Fit units
Bullying perpetration
ACE 8 10,313 0 −2lnL
ADE 8 0 10,313 0 ACE −2lnL
AE 7 1 0.288 10,312 −0.87 ACE −2lnL
Depressive symptoms
ACE 12 55,574 0 −2lnL
ADE 12 0 55,574 0 ACE −2lnL
AE 11 1 0.137 55,573 0.209 ACE −2lnL

Note: Fit comparisons between models based in a likelihood ratio test. No significant fit differences were found for either phenotype. All variables were treated as ordinal factors, age and household income were included as covariates. AIC, Akaike information criteria; df, degrees of freedom; EP, estimated parameters; lnL, log‐likelihood.