Effects of TrfA on auxin- and other hormone-responsive reporter gene expression. A, Effects of TrfA on GUS expression in the root elongation zone of the reporter lines. Five-day-old seedlings were treated with 20 μm or 50 μm TrfA and 5 μm IAA for the following times: BA∷GUS, DR5∷GUS, and PIAA14∷GUS, 5 h; PIAA7∷GUS, 6 h; and PIAA3∷GUS, PIAA12∷GUS, and PIAA19∷GUS, 12 h. B, Effects of TrfA on BA∷GUS expression in the shoot. Five-day-old BA∷GUS seedlings were treated with 5 μm IAA and/or 40 μm TrfA for 12 h. C, Competitive inhibition of TrfA on BA∷GUS expression. The roots (5 d old) were treated with TrfA and IAA for 5 h. Treatments with 0.5, 5, or 50 μm IAA are adjusted to 100% value, respectively. Error bars, se. GUS activity was measured fluorometrically. D, TrfA effect on steady-state levels of IAA-induced IAA1, IAA5, IAA11, and IAA19 in Arabidopsis. The roots from 7-d-old light-grown seedlings were treated with 0.5 μm IAA for 45 min after preincubation with or without 50 μm TrfA for 15 min. The transcripts were analyzed by RT-PCR. E, Effect of TrfA on hormone-responsive transgenic reporter gene expression (estrogen-inducible pER8∷GFP, ABA-inducible ABI5∷GUS, and cytokinin-inducible ARR5∷GUS). Seven-day-old pER8∷GFP, 3-d-old ABI5∷GUS, and 5-d-old ARR5∷GUS seedlings were treated with 50 μm TrfA together with 5 μm β-estradiol for 24 h, 5 μm ABA for 12 h, and 5 μm benzyladenine for 5 h, respectively. F, Comparison of TrfA effects on auxin-induced BA∷GUS expression using three diagnostic auxins. The roots (5 d old) were treated with 50 μm TrfA and 10 μm auxin for 5 h. The induced GUS activity by IAA is adjusted to 100% value. Error bars, se.