RCT	Randomized Control Trial
RWD	Real-World Data
RWE	Real-World Evidence
FDA	U.S. Food and Drug Administration
EMR	electronic medical record
PRO	patient reported outcome
PSM	Propensity score matching
VAS	Visual Analog Scale
NRS	Numerical Rating Scale
PRPPR	Patient-reported Percentage Pain Reduction
CPPR	Calculated Percentage Pain Reduction
MPQ	McGill Pain Questionnaire
BPI	Brief Pain Inventory
ODI	Oswestry Disability Index
RMDQ	Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire
MCID	Minimal Clinically Important Difference
IMMPACT	Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials
SF-36	Short Form-36
PGIC	Patient Global Impression of Change