| PA | Physical activity |
| HBSC | The WHO Health Behaviour in School-aged Children physical activity |
| HBSC-J | The Japanese version of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-aged Children physical activity |
| ICCs | Intraclass correlation coefficients |
| MVPA | Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| VPA | Vigorous physical activity |
| METs | Metabolic equivalents |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| SD | Standard deviation |