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. 2025 Oct 16;17(20):3342. doi: 10.3390/cancers17203342
4-1BBL 4-1BB ligand
Arg-1 Arginase 1
BC Breast cancer
CAR-T Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell
CCL4/5 C-C motif chemokine ligand 4/5
CD4/8/40 Cluster of differentiation 4/8/40
CSF-1 Colony stimulating factor 1
CTLA4 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4
CXCL9/10 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9/10
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNMT DNA methyltransferase
DNMTi DNA methyltransferase inhibitor
DOT1L Disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like
dsRNA double-stranded RNA
DZNep 3-deazaneplanocin A
ECM Extracellular matrix
ER Estrogen receptor
ERC Endocrine-related cancer
ERV Endogenous retrovirus
EZH2 Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2
FOLR2 Folate receptor beta
GATA3-AS1 GATA binding protein 3-antisense 1
H3K27me3 Histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation
H3K4 Histone H3 lysine 4
H3K79 Histone H3 lysine 79
HAT Histone acetyltransferase
HDAC Histone deacetylase
HDACi Histone deacetylase inhibitor
HER Human epidermal growth factor receptor
HLA-DR Human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype
HMT Histone methyltransferase
HOTTIP Homebox A transcript at the distal tip
HR Hormone receptor
ICI Immune checkpoint inhibitor
IFN Interferon
IFNγ Interferon gamma
IL-10 Interleukin 10
lncRNA Long non-coding RNA
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
LSD Lysine-specific demethylase
MAGE Melanoma antigen gene
Malat-1 Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
MDSC Myeloid derived suppressor cell
METTL2 Methyltransferase 2
MHC-I Major histocompatibility complex class 1
miR MicroRNA
ncRNA Non-coding ribonucleic acid
NK Natural killer
NY-ESO-1 New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1
OS Overall survival
OX-40L OX-40 ligand
PD-1/2 Programmed cell death protein 1/2
pDC Plasmacytoid dendritic cells
PD-L1/2 Programmed death-ligand 1/2
PFS Progression-free survival
PTC Papillary thyroid cancer
RNA Ribonucleic acid
SMARCE1 Switch/Sucrose non-fermentable-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily E member 1
TAM Tumor-associated macrophage
TE Transposable element
TET1 Ten-eleven translocation 1
TGF-β Transforming growth factor beta
Th1 T helper 1
TIL Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte
TME Tumor microenvironment
TNBC Triple negative breast cancer
Treg Regulatory T cell
TSA Tumor-specific antigen
TSHR Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGF-A Vascular endothelial growth factor A
β2M Beta-2 microglobulin