DM	Diabetes mellitus
T1D	Type 1 diabetes mellitus
T2D	Type 2 diabetes mellitus
GDM	Gestational diabetes mellitus
SCFAs	Short chain fatty acid
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
IL-1β	Interleukin-1β
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor α
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
LBP	LPS-binding protein
FMT	Fecal microbiome transplantation
CRP	C-reactive protein
PPAR-γ	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ
GLUT	Glucose transporter
FMO3	Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
IRS2	Insulin receptor substrate 2
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptors
TMAO	Trimethylamine N-oxide
GLP-1	Glucagon-like peptide-1