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. 2025 Oct 14;15(20):2586. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15202586
NSCLC Non-small-cell lung cancer
SCLC Small-Cell Lung Cancer
LC Lung Cancer
CT  Computed Tomography
MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
US Ultrasound
NGS Next-generation Sequencing
CNS Central nervous system
ctDNA Circulating tumor DNA
FDG-PET 18F-deoxyglucose-positron emission tomography
GLUT  Glucose transporter 
mTORC1 Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
HIF Hypoxia-inducible factor 
HK Hexokinase
PDAC Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
TCA Tricarboxylic acid
GSH Glutathione 
S1P Sphingosine-1-phosphate
LPE Lysophosphatidylethanolamine
LDCT Low-dose computed tomography
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
MS Mass spectrometry
MALDI-MSI Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric imaging
MRSI Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
HRMAS MRS High-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy
RRLC Rapid resolution liquid chromatography
TMAO Trimethylamine N-oxide
MWA Microwave ablation
MVDA Multivariate data analysis
ADMA Asymmetric dimethylarginine
HC Healthy control
PLC Primary lung cancer
SLC Secondary lung cancer
ROI Region of interest
IBSI Imaging Biomarker Standardization Initiative
GLCM Gray-level co-occurrence matrices
GLRLM Gray-level run-length matrices