α-Syn	α-Synuclein
Aβ	Amyloid beta
AβPP	Amyloid-beta precursor protein
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALS	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ALSFRS-R	Revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
AR	Adenosine receptor
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
AV	Atrioventricular
BACE1	β-secretase 1
BBB	Blood brain barrier
BDNF	Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
BFCN	Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons
C9orf72	Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72
CCH	Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion
CCL	C-C motif chemokine ligand
CLEC7A	C-Type lectin domain containing 7A
CNS	Central nervous system
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
DAMP	Danger-associated molecular pattern
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
EL	Extracellular loop
ERK	Extracellular regulated kinase
FDA	Food and drug administration
FUS	Fused in Sarcoma, also called translocated in liposarcoma protein (TLP)
GABA	Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GLT-1	Glutamate transporter 1
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptor
H1	Histamine 1
HD	Huntington’s disease
IFN	Interferon
IL	Interleukin
JAK	Janus kinase-
JNK	C-Jun N-terminal kinase
KO	Knock out
L-DOPA	Levo-dioxyphenylalanine
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
LTD	Long term depression
LTP	Long term potentiation
MAPK	Mitogen activated protein kinase
MAO-B	Monoamine oxidase B
mGLU5	Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5
MPI	Myocardial perfusion imaging
MS	Multiple sclerosis
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NECA	N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NFT	Neurofibrillary tangle
NLRP3	NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3
NMDA	N-methyl-D-aspartate
NO	Nitric oxide
OGD	Oxygen glucose deprivation
PAMP	Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PLC	Phospholipase C
PKA	Protein kinase A
PKC	Protein kinase C
PRR	Pattern-recognition receptors
PS1	Presenilin-1
RNA	Ribonucleic acid; mRNA (messenger RNA)
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SAE	Sepsis associated encephalopathy
SAP102	Synapse-associated protein 102
Shh	Sonic hedgehog
SN	Subtantia nigra
SOD1	Superoxide dismutase 1
STAT3	Signal transducer and transcription activator 3
SVT	Supraventricular tachycardia
TBI	Traumatic brain injury
TDP-43	Trans activation response DNA binding protein 43
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor β
TLR	Toll-like receptor
tMCAo	Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
TrKB	Tropomyosin receptor kinase B/tyrosine receptor kinase B
tPA	Tissue plasminogen activator
USA	Unites States of America
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor