Fig. 3. Effect of IL-17F on porcine and human cartilage. Porcine articular cartilage (A–C) and human articular cartilage (from 65-year-old caucasian female) (D–F) explants were treated with varying concentrations (0.1, 1 or 10 nM) of IL-17F or IL-17A, or 0.1 nM human IL-1α, and proteoglycan breakdown (A and D), proteoglycan synthesis (B and E) and IL-6 production (C and F) were measured. Data represent the average of five independent samples ± SEM. ‘0’ in each panel represents the untreated control. *denotes statistically significant difference from control (p<0.05).