ADHF	Acute decompensated heart failure
AF	Atrial Fibrillation
AKI	Acute kidney injury
ASOs	Antisense oligonucleotides
AVP	Arginine vasopressin
bio-ADM	Bioactive adrenomedullin
BNP	B-type natriuretic peptide
CA125	Carbohydrate antigen 125
CAD	Coronary artery disease
CHARM	Candesartan in Heart Failure—Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity
CHART-2	Chronic Heart Failure Analysis and Registry in the Tohoku District 2
CKD	Chronic kidney disease
CMIA	Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay
CPP	Copeptin
Cr	Creatinine
CRS	Cardiorenal syndrome
CV	Cardiovascular
EF	Ejection fraction
eGFRCr	Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate
eGFRCys	Cystatin-based estimated glomerular filtration rate
ELISA	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
ESRD	End-Stage Renal disease
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
FGF-21	Fibroblast Growth Factor-21
FGF-23	Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
FGFRs	Fibroblast Growth Factor receptors
Gal-3	Galectin-3
GBM	Glomerular basement membrane
GDF-15	Growth differentiation factor-15
GDMT	Guideline directed medical therapy
GFR	Glomerular filtration rate
GLP-1 RA	Glucagone-like-peptide-1 receptor agonists
HF	Heart failure
HFpEF	Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
HFrEF	Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Hc-cTnI	High-sensitive cardiac troponin I
ICU	Intensive Care Unit
IFN-γ	Interferon-γ
IGFBP7	Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7
IL-1	Interleukin-1
IL-18	Interleukin-18
IL-18BP	Interleukin-18 binding protein
IL-33	Interleukin-33
IVC	Inferior vena cava
KCCQ	Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
KIM-1	Kidney Injury Molecule-1
L-FABP	Liver-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein
LVEF	Left ventricular ejection fraction
LVH	Left ventricular hypertrophy
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
miRNAs	MicroRNAs
miR-21	MicroRNA-21
MMP-9	Metalloproteinase-9
MR-ProADM	Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin
MyD88	Myeloid differentiation factor 88
NF-kB	Nuclear factor kappa B
NGAL	Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin
Ns-MRAs	Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptors antagonists
NPs	Natriuretic peptides
NT-proBNP	N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide
PARADIGM-HF	Prospective comparison of ARNI with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and morbidity in Heart Failure
PENK	Proenkephalin
PoCUS	Point of care ultrasound
PTH	Parathyroid hormone
RAAS	Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System
SGLT2i	Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
SNGFR	Single-nephron glomerular filtration rate
sST2	Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2
ΤAΤ	Turnaround time
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-beta
TIM-1	T-cell immunoglobulin mucin receptor 1
TIMP-2	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2
TOPCAT	Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial
UACR	Urinary albumin to creatinine ratio
uL-FABP	Urinary Liver-type Fatty Acid Binding Protein
USD	United states dollars
WRF	Worsening renal function
β2-M	Beta-2-microglobulin