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. 2025 Oct 13;13(10):130. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence13100130
ID Study Sample Size Grade Country Dosage Design Outcome
Indicators
Authors-Year Duration/Frequency/Weeks
1 (Acar and Arslan 2023) 23 S Turkey 40 min/2 times/10 weeks NR CT, SK
2 (Şişman et al. 2023) 34 S Turkey 80 min/1 time/8 weeks NR MC
3 (Akbayir and Tedikçi 2022) 38 S Turkey 120 min/1 time/8 weeks NR MA
4 (Işıklar and Öztürk 2022) 40 L Turkey 40 min/2 times/10 weeks NR CT, PS
5 (Wu 2021) 173 S China 40 min/2 times/4 weeks R CT
6 (Zulkifli and Hashim 2020) 61 S Malaysia —/—/11 sessions NR CT
7 (Khanmohammadi et al. 2020) 44 S Iran —/1 time/12 weeks NR LO, PM
8 (Mehnehj et al. 2020) 50 S Iran 60 min/2 time/6 weeks NR RS
9 (Ventista 2019) 738 L UK 30 min/1 time/40 weeks NR CT, C
10 (Abbasi et al. 2017) 50 L Iran —/—/12 weeks NR CT
11 (Tian and Liao 2016) 62 S China 100 min/1 time/10 weeks NR RC
12 (Youssef et al. 2016) 246 S Australia —/—/24 weeks NR RC
13 (Erfani and Rezaei 2016) 40 S Iran 120 min/1 time/12 weeks NR CT
14 (Fair et al. 2015b) 275 S USA 60 min/1 time/22–26, 4–10 weeks R CA
15 (Fair et al. 2015a) 183 S USA 60 min/1 time/22–26 weeks R CA
16 (Tok and Mazl 2015) 74 L Turkey 120 min/2 time/10 weeks NR RC, LC
17 (Pourtaghi et al. 2014) 32 S Iran 75 min/12 weeks NR C
18 (Lam 2012) 28 S China 90 min/2 times/16 weeks R RS
19 (Marashi 2008) 60 S Iran 70 min/11 sessions NR RS
20 (Topping and Trickey 2007a) 115 L UK 60 min/1 time/58 weeks NR CA
21 (Topping and Trickey 2007b) 177 L UK 60 min/1 time/58 weeks NR CA
22 (Othman and Hashim 2006) 45 S Malaysia —/—/16 weeks NR RS, RC
23 (Jo 2000) 54 L South Korea 30 min/4 times/24 weeks NR CM
24 (Sprod 1998) 54 S UK 70 min/1 time/40 weeks NR RS
25 (Pálsson 1995) 126 L Iceland 80 min/1 time/24 weeks NR RS
26 (Chamberlain 1993) 160 L USA 60 min/5 times/12 weeks NR RS, HC
27 (Slade 1989) 50 S Australia 120 min/12 sessions NR RS
28 (Jenkins 1986) 60 S UK 45 min/about 20 weeks NR RS
29 (Martin and Weinstein 1985) 964 L, S USA —/—/about 32 weeks PP CT
30 (Iorio et al. 1984) 336 L USA 45 min/2 times/40 weeks PP CT
31 (Yeazell 1982) 100 L USA 45 min/1 time/32 weeks NR RC
32 (Cinquino 1981) 47 L USA 120 min/1 time/28 weeks PP RS, C
33 (Cummings 1979) 29 L USA 40 min/2 times/7.5weeks NR LT